Paper 3 (Use of English) Part 4 (Transformations)
Lesson 15 - Paper 3 – Use of English (Part 4)
Part 4
In Part 4 of Paper 3 (Use of English), you have to complete 10 sentence transformations. You are given two sentences. You have to read the first sentence which is complete and then finish the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning as the first. You have to use the words given and you must use between two and five words, including the word given. This lesson aims to prepare you to complete the transformations needed for Part 3.
The transformations often relate to an aspect of grammar, for example:
- active to passive
- comparatives
- direct speech to reported speech
- conditional sentences
- expressions
- phrasal verbs / multi-word verbs
- collocations
Most of the transformations require not only a grammatical change, but also a change in the vocabulary. In this lesson, we are going to carry out a number of exercises to help you strengthen these areas.
Active to passive
A. Change the following active sentences into the passive.
- We wash the plates by hand.
- They sold their car for £10,000.
- Someone gave her a camera for her birthday.
- You can obtain the form at your local post office.
Expressions
B. Read the following pairs of sentences and match the words in bold to their literal meaning.
(Giving a) reason
And not/in place of
As a result of
For example
Not including
1.
I studied Spanish at school rather than French.
I studied Spanish at school instead of French.
Rather than / instead of =
2.
Everyone went to the party apart from Susannah.
Everyone went to the party except for Susannah.
Apart from / except for =
3.
There will be plenty of food at the party such as sandwiches and biscuits.
There will be plenty of food at the party for instance sandwiches and biscuits.
Such as / for instance =
4.
The party was cancelled due to a power cut.
The party was cancelled because of a power cut.
Due to / because of =
5.
She goes to bed early so as to get a good night sleep.
She goes to bed early in order to get a good night sleep.
So as to / in order to =
C.
For questions 1-4, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
1.
“My success is because of all the people that have helped me”, he claims.
Due
He claims __________________________ all the people that have helped him.
2.
Great Britain and Ireland are the only countries in Europe that don’t drive on the right.
Except
All of Europe drives __________________________ Great Britain and Ireland.
3.
The only question I got wrong was question five.
Apart
I got __________________________question five.
4.
As she wants to pass the exam, she studies hard.
Order
She studies hard __________________________ the exam.
Collocations
Learn the following collocations as they can feature in Part 3. If you are unsure of the meaning, please look them up in a dictionary.
To have trouble doing something
To make a complaint about something to someone
To take care of / look after someone
To take your time doing something.
To take notice of someone / something.
To make a fortune doing something.
To expect to see someone.
To apologise to someone for something
To approve of something
To resist doing something
To be bored of something
D.
For questions 1-8, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
1.
He found it difficult to understand her accent.
Trouble
He __________________________ her accent.
2.
You should ignore Mr Small.
Notice
You should __________________________ Mr Small.
3.
James is earning a lot of money in his new job.
Fortune
James __________________________ in his new job.
4.
Natalie wishes now that she hadn’t sold her house.
Regrets
Natalie __________________________ her house.
5.
We looked after our grandma when she broke her hip.
Care
We __________________________ our grandma when she broke her hip.
6.
“I’m sorry I broke your vase”, he said.
Apologized
He __________________________ my vase.
7.
She complained to the waitress about the food.
Made
She __________________________ the waitress about the food.
8.
He spent a long time building the house.
took
He __________________________ the house.
Conditionals
It is important you know the rules of how to make conditional sentences. Look at the following examples typically used to carry out transformation exercises.
Would rather / sooner / prefer
I’d rather be a teacher than a lawyer.
I’d sooner be a teacher than a lawyer.
Wish / if only for past and present
I wish I had won the competition.
I regret not winning the competition.
Second conditionals for the present
She always arrives on time because her mum drops her off in the car.
She would be late if her mum didn’t drop her off in the car.
Third conditionals for the past
He failed the exam because he didn’t study enough.
If he had studied more for the exam, he would have passed.
E.
Rewrite the following sentences so they have the same meaning as the first. Use between two and five words. Do not change the word given.
1.
He crashed the car because he was talking on his mobile.
Have
He __________________________ if he hadn’t been talking on his mobile.
2.
They don’t understand because they never pay attention.
If
__________________________ would understand.
3.
I regret eating the whole cake.
Eaten
I __________________________ the whole cake.
4.
They couldn’t go shopping because they didn’t have any money.
If
They would have gone shopping __________________________ some money.
Video – giving advice (Video 15.1)
Listen to your teacher give you some advice as to how to carry out Part 4 of Paper 3. Listen and take notes.
________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
Now it’s time to do an exam type question. Good luck!
F. Exam type questions – Part 3
For questions 1-10, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.
1.
My cousin started to learn German two years ago.
Learning
My cousin __________________________ two years.
2.
“Do not put the oven on!” said Mrs Brown.
Not
Mrs Brown __________________________ put the oven on.
3.
Steve was the only one who didn’t like the food.
Apart
Everyone __________________________Steve.
4.
Horror films don’t interest Jane.
Interested
Jane __________________________ horror films.
5.
I wonder how the wedding went on Saturday.
Like
I __________________________ the wedding went on Saturday.
6.
Luisa had not been to Moscow before.
Visit
It __________________________ to Moscow.
7.
Although she can’t speak a foreign language, Gemma is very keen that he children should.
Unable
Despite __________________________ a foreign language herself, Gemma is very keen that her parents should.
8.
It was snowing so they cancelled our flight.
Owing
Our flight __________________________ the snow.
9.
The fair may be expensive so take lots of money.
Case
Take lots of money __________________________ expensive.
10.
He would prefer it if nobody else knew what happened during the exam.
Want
He doesn’t __________________________ what happened during the exam.
Answers
A.
1. The plates are washed by hand.
2. Their car was sold for £10,000.
3. She was given a camera for her birthday.
4. The form can be obtained at the local post office.
B.
1. And not/in place of
2. Not including
3. For example
4. As a result of
5. (Giving a) reason
C.
His success is due to
On the right except for
Everything right apart form
In order to pass
D.
1. Had trouble understanding
2. Take no notice of
3. Is making a fortune
4. Regrets selling
5. Took care of
6. Apologized for breaking
7. Made a complaint
8. Took (his) time building
E.
1. Wouldn’t have crashed the car
2. If they paid attention
3. Shouldn’t have eaten
4. If they had had
Audio script (Video 15.1)
Follow the instructions exactly - don't change the prompt word and use 2 to 5 words including the prompt word.
Write the prompt word in your answer - you must not leave a blank or a dash to indicate the prompt word.
Write only the missing words on the answer sheet.
Check your spelling.
F.
1. Has been learning German for
2. Said not to
3. Liked the food apart from
4. Isn’t interested in
5. Would like to know how
6. Was Luisa’s first visit
7. Being unable to speak
8. Was cancelled owing to
9. In case the fair is
10. Want anyone to know
