The
characteristics of management often vary according
to national culture, which can determine how managers
are trained, how they lead people and how they approach their
jobs.
Below
you will find five brief portraits of managers in five different
countries: the United States, the United Kingdom, France,
Germany and Sweden.
Managers
from the United States...
Generally
attend business schools.
Communicate
easily and informally at work.
Admire
the qualities of a leader.
Expect
everyone to work hard.
Individual
performance is measured and initiative is rewarded.
Have
competitive and sometimes aggressive attitudes towards work.
Often
accept innovation and change.
Managers
from the United Kingdom...
Receive
a general education.
Delegate
authority.
Take
a practical approach to management.
Have
relatively formal relationship at work.
Encourage
their employees to work individually.
Believe
it is important to continue education and training at work.
Managers
from Germany...
Consider professional and technical
skills to be very important.
Have
a strong sense of authority.
Respect
the different positions in the hierarchy of their companies.
Clearly
define how jobs should be done.
Are
very loyal to their companies and expect their subordinates
to obey them.
Are
often older than in other countries.
Managers
from France...
Go through an elitist educational
system.
Have
a strong sense of hierarchy and power.
Often
have impersonal relationships at work.
Analyze
problems in great detail before taking decisions.
Consider
speaking skills to be particularly important.
Move
easily between state and private sectors.
Managers
from Sweden...
Consider social qualities to be as
important as education.
Encourage
their employees to take an interest in their work.
Pay
close attention to the quality of working life.
Do
not use as much authority as in other countries.
Appreciate
low-level decision-making.
Are
often women.
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Questions
(Haga
click sobre las preguntas para ver las respuestas; doble click
vuelve a posición original)
1.-
Decide which country the following statements refer to:
2.-
Find synonyms in the text for the following words:
